A Study of Challenges and Perspectives on Utilizing Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching and Learning

The aim of this study is to determine the challenges and perspectives of utilizing information technology in the process of teaching and learning in an organizational framework and the organizational results (personal and organizational). The study is of applied type and its method is descriptive – measuring.  The statistical population includes some high school and vocational school teachers of 11784 people and principals of 787 people, from all around the Isfahan province during 2012-13 school year. The sampling method was in proportion to the size of groups, and 720 teachers and 372 principals were selected as the sample of the research. The data collection method was through a researcher designed questionaire which included 62 questions which was devised based on the Likert 5-level scale. The validity of the questionaire is based on the Cronbach Alpha index of 0.88 and its validity was confirmed by the experts. Using inferential statistical tests, we analyzed the data. The one-way variance test and independent T-test were applied. The study results showed that in ingression variables, procedure and personal results, there was a significant difference between the high school and vocational school teachers. However, no difference was seen among the teachers in wealthy, semi-wealthy and deprived districts. Further, no difference was observed in organizational results between the high school and vocational school principals. Key w ords: Information and Communication Technology, Secondary School Principals and Teachers, The Teaching and Learning Process.