Over-expression of beclin-1 in gallbladder carcinoma and its relationship with prognosis

Aim of the study: We determined the expression of beclin-1 in gallbladder carcinoma, analyzed the association of beclin-1 expression with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis, and investigated the relationship between microvessel density and beclin-1 expression. Material and methods: Tissue microarray blocks containing 118 primary gallbladder tumor sites were used. Clinical parameters and prognostic data were collected. Expression of beclin-1 in these specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemical studies and confirmed by Western blotting. Microvessel density was counted using immunohistochemical staining. Results: The overall rate of over-expression of beclin-1 was 68.1% (80 of 118). Over-expression of beclin-1 was significantly associated with TNM stage and liver metastasis. Over-expression of beclin-1 has no significant relationship with age, sex, lymphatic metastasis, or tumor differentiation. Based on the Kaplan-Meier method, over-expression of beclin-1 showed no significant difference for the over all survival rate in patients with gallbladder cancer. The multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that beclin-1 was not an independent prognostic factor for gallbladder cancer. Conclusions: Beclin-1 might play roles in the development of gallbladder cancer. However, beclin-1 may not be an effective prognostic factor for gallbladder cancer.