Parental refusal or delay of childhood immunization: Implications for nursing and health education

The purpose of this article is to review the current literature to ascertain reasons behind parental refusal or delay of childhood immunizations. Recurring themes highlighted issues involving parents and health care providers. Strategies to improve immunization compliance were proposed. Health care professionals and health educators were identified as instrumental in the effort to educate and positively influence immunization. As one of the most highly trusted members of the health care team, a nurse is vital to the success of this endeavor.