Sperm DNA fragmentation is a necessity for modern clinical practice

According to world statistics, 15 % of married couples do not reach pregnancy within one year and seek medical help. At the same time, an important component of the complex problem of infertility, in addition to not getting pregnant, are also pregnancy losses. According to modern ideas, one of the reasons for termination of pregnancy is sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). According to the European Association of Urology guidelines on male infertility, SDF reduces the chances of natural conception and increases the risk of pregnancy loss. In the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology guideline on the management of recurrent pregnancy loss, the definition of SDF is recommended in the algorithm for examining a couple after a single episode of miscarriage. The causes, mechanisms and approaches to correcting increased SDF are the subject of active research; according to PubMed, more than 2,500 papers have been published on this problem to date. Given the huge amount of factual material, the purpose of this review is to highlight the key points of etiology, pathogenesis and approaches to the correction of increased levels of SDF