Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Drug Therapy: Basic and Translational Science

Noise-induced hearing loss is the second leading cause of hearing impairment. The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with the anatomical, physiological, and perceptual consequences of noise trauma, as well as emerging treatments to attenuate these effects. The relationship between anatomical damage and functional deficits is complex and highly dependent on the type of noise, duration of the noise exposure, and the metric used to assess deficits. Recent studies have now identified potential early subclinical markers of noise-induced trauma that open opportunities for early identification and treatment. The chapter includes discussion of the current state of these findings, their limitations, and avenues for further research. Finally, the chapter reviews current pharmacological interventions, their targeted pathways, and mechanisms of action that may hold promise for future treatment.