Challenges in the Transition of Care Process for Patients with Dravet and Lennox–Gastaut Syndromes

Epileptic encephalopathies such as Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) present unique challenges in the transition of care not only for the providers but also for the patients and families. Some of these challenges include the complexity of disease process, differences in medication management between children and adults, high incidence of comorbidities such as psychosocial issues, a lack of structured transition process from pediatric to adult care, and the lack of parental knowledge and reluctance to transition to an adult provider. Improving transition readiness and transfer of care are essential to long-term management and continuity of care. Studies show that patients/families who possess transition readiness skills have better health outcomes. Furthermore, participation in a structured transition intervention has been shown to improve transition readiness and utilization of ambulatory care in the adult setting. Reported benefits of implementation of transition planning include increased self-esteem, improved health literacy, fewer emergency room visits, decreased hospitalizations and comorbidities, and fewer school absences. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evidenced-based, family/patient-centered transition model of care. This review's primary goal is to provide an overview of challenges in the transition of care and recommendations for an ideal transition for patients with DS and LGS.