Chemistry and Technology of the Production of Fiber Nitron (Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Proizvodstva Volokna Nitron)

Abstract : In comparison with other vinyl compounds acrylonitrile is characterized by large polarity. Thus, the dipole moment of propylene is equal to 0.35, vinyl chloride 1.44, and acrylonitrile 3.88. By this, apparently, is explained its great tendency toward polymerization. Acrylonitrile extremely easily is polymerized under the effect of gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, under the effect of the energetic electrons and ultrasonic oscillations/vibrations. For the initiation of polymerization reaction were proposed to use also the rays of the visible part of the spectrum when, in the polymerizable system, small quantities of fluoresceine are present, or its halide derivative. Best conditions for course of polymerization of acrylonitrile are created during utilization of different chemical initiators inorganic and also other substances, which are easily decomposed into free radicals.