Zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles addition in universal adhesive systems improve interface stability on caries-affected dentin

Abstract This study evaluated the MMP inhibition of the zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles (ZnO/CuNp), and the effects of their addition into adhesives on antimicrobial activity (AMA), tensile strength (UTS), in vitro degree of conversion (in vitro-DC), as well as, resin–dentin bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL) and in situ-DC on caries-affected dentin. Anti-MMP activity was evaluated for several MMPs. ZnO/CuNp (0% [control]; 5/0.1 and 5/0.2 wt%) were added into PrimeB p   0.05). However, lower NL was observed for ZnO/CuNp groups (p