O perfil de ensino das disciplinas de bioética, ética profissional (ou deontologia) e odontologia legal das faculdades de odontologia brasileiras

A Bioetica, a Etica Profissional e a Odontologia Legal estudam aspectos presentes na Odontologia, tanto no relacionamento profissional-paciente, como no proprio atendimento clinico, entre outros temas. O estudo consiste em uma analise quantitativa e qualitativa do perfil de ensino das disciplinas de Bioetica, Etica Profissional (ou Deontologia) e Odontologia Legal das Faculdades de Odontologia Brasileiras. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionarios semi-estruturados enviados por e-mail e correspondencia. Para a analise qualitativa, empregou-se a analise de conteudo das perguntas abertas, por meio da tecnica de analise de categorizacao tematica, conforme preconizado por Bardin, ja para a analise quantitativa utilizou-se o levantamento das frequencias absolutas e relativas das respostas. Dentre as 182 Faculdades de Odontologia em atividade no Brasil, 57 (31,3%) apresentam na sua grade curricular a disciplina Bioetica, 100 (54,9%) Etica Profissional e 121 (66,5%) Odontologia Legal, sendo que o retorno de questionarios a pesquisa foi 38(66,7%), 48(48%) e 61(50,4%), respectivamente. Os principais assuntos abordados na disciplina de Bioetica sao dilemas bioeticos (76,3%) que tratam, principalmente, sobre questoes polemicas e atuais como clonagem, aborto, transplante de orgaos, atendimento do paciente portador de HIV, enquanto na disciplina de Etica Profissional foi o Codigo de Etica Odontologica (52%) e na Odontologia Legal foi a Identificacao (78,7%). Com relacao as sugestoes para a melhoria do ensino nas disciplinas, foram mencionadas a interdisciplinaridade e aplicabilidade com as demais, tanto nos cursos de graduacao como nos cursos de posgraduacao. Observou-se que as disciplinas sao geralmente ministradas de forma teorica (77,8%), (60,4%) e (52,2%). As principais formas de avaliacao sao: prova escrita (100%), (93,8%) e (100%) e seminarios (75%), (54,2%) e (45,9%). A maioria dos entrevistados (74,2%), (78,8%) e (60,8%) considerou que as...(AU) Bioethics, Professional Ethics and Forensic Dentistry are matters of interest for Dentistry, in the patient/professional relationship and in the clinical attendance, among others. This study consists of a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the teaching profile of the Bioethics, Professional Ethics (or Deontology) and Forensic Dentistry disciplines in the Brazilian Dental Schools. The data were collected by semi-structured questionnaires sent to all Brazilian Dental Schools. The qualitative analysis was based on the analysis of the contents of the open questions, employing the thematic categorization analysis, as advocated by Bardin. The quantitative analysis was based on calculating the absolute and relative frequencies of the answers. Among all the 182 Brazilian Dental Schools, 57 (31.3%) present Bioethics, 100 (54.9%) present Professional Ethics and 121 (66.5%) present Forensic Dentistry in their teaching curricula. The return of questionnaires was 38 (66.7%), 48 (48%) and 61 (50.4%) for Bioethics, Professional Ethics and Forensic Dentistry, respectively. The principal themes broached in the Bioethics discipline are the bioethical dilemmas (76.3%), related mainly to polemical and up-todate questions, like cloning, abortion, organ transplantation and attending the HIV-bearing patient. In the Professional Ethics discipline, the main interest focuses on the Ethical Code for Dentistry (52%) and in Forensic Dentistry it is the Identification (78.7%). As suggestions for improving the teaching of these disciplines were mentioned the interdisciplinary relation and applicability, in the graduation as well as in the post-graduation courses. It was noticed that, in general, the disciplines are treated theoretically (77.8%, 60.4% and 52.2%). Evaluation of the teaching consists mainly in written tests (100%, 93.8% and 100%) and seminars (75%, 54.2% and 45.9%). Most of the Dental Schools considered that Bioethics, Professional Ethics and Forensic Dentistry are...(AU)