Beneficios del ácido tranexámico en pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia de rodilla unilateral

espanolObjetivo: analizar los beneficios clinicos del uso de acido tranexamico (TXA) en pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia de rodilla unilateral. Metodo: se realizo un estudio analitico transversal en las areas quirurgicas de dos hospitales en Sevilla (Espana) en pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia de rodilla con uso de TXA y sin el. Se recogieron variables sociodemograficas, clinicas intra y post-operatorias (dolor, sangrado, autotransfusion, constantes vitales) y tiempo de estancia en la unidad de reanimacion post-operatoria y en la unidad de hospitalizacion. La recogida de datos se llevo a cabo a traves de la historia clinica, hojas de constantes vitales y a traves de observacion directa en el seguimiento. Se utilizaron pruebas de contraste de hipotesis no parametricas con una significacion de p≤ 0,05. Resultados: participaron 72 pacientes: 35 recibieron TXA y 37 no. La mayoria de los participantes era mujer de entre 70 y 79 anos. En ambos grupos la lateralidad de la rodilla intervenida fue similar, predominando la izquierda (60% en los que recibieron TXA y 51,4% en los que no). Se hallo una menor proporcion de personas con hipertension (p= 0,011) y con necesidad de autotransfusion (p Conclusiones: la administracion de TXA produce mejoras significativas en la clinica y recuperacion postquirurgica y reduce la estancia en el hospital, lo que podria implicar mejoras en el flujo de trabajo y en los costes asociados. EnglishObjective: to analyse the clinical benefits of the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients undergoing unilateral knee arthroplasty. Method: a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the surgical areas of two hospitals in Seville (Spain), in patients who had undergone knee arthroplasty using TXA and without it. Sociodemographic variables were collected, as well as clinical variables during and after surgery (pain, bleeding, self-transfusion, vital signs), and time of stay at the post-operative Resuscitation Unit and the Hospitalization Unit. Data collection was conducted through clinical records, vital sign sheets, and direct observation during follow-up. Non-parametric hypothesis contrast tests were used, with a p≤ 0.05 significance. Results: the study included 72 patients: 35 received TXA and 37 did not. Most participants were 70-to-79-year-old women. In both arms, there was similar laterality of the operated knee, with prevalence of the left one (60% in those receiving TXA and 51.4% in those who did not). A lower proportion of persons with hypertension (p= 0.011) and who required self-transfusion (p Conclusions: TXA administration causes significant improvements in clinical signs and post-surgical recovery, and reduces the hospital stay, which could result in improvements in the workflow and associated costs.