Оценка пожарной опасности “больших дыханий” наземных резервуаров для хранения нефтепродуктов численными методами

An assessment of fire danger of storage of oil products in land RVS tanks at implementation of “big respirations” is given. Parameters of the explosive zone near the tank with gasoline formed as a result of his filling are determined. It is established dependence of probability of ignition of explosive mix of gasoline with air oxygen in the neighborhood of the tank from probability of her education at the corresponding climatic conditions in the set region and probability of manifestation in an explosive zone of a source of the ignition sufficient for ignition of the combustible environment as which categories of atmospheric electricity, manifestation of frictional sparks, and electric sparks of short circuit were considered . The mass of vapors of gasoline which is forced out from the tank for one “big respiration” as a result of his evaporability and also mass of the vapors of gasoline which are contained in a cloud with concentration between the lower and top concentration limits of distribution of a flame is determined. Fire flash defeat zone radius, excessive pressure and impulse of pressure of explosion of steam-air mix in open space, and also extent of their influence on life and health of the person are determined. The probability of the scenario which implementation will constitute danger to the operator controlling process of filling of the tank gasoline is predicted. Value of conditional probability of defeat of the person who is near the tank taking into account realization of a fire-dangerous situation within a year is found that will affect the size of individually fire risk which considers all scenarios of development of fire-dangerous situations. Therefore, for reduction of value of the received probability it is necessary to provide the technical decisions allowing to lower or exclude the emission of steam-air mix connected with an evaporability of oil products at implementation of operations of filling the tank.