Variables familiares relacionadas con el bullying y el cyberbullying: una revisión sistemática

Objective. To review studies that have analyzed the relationship of bullying and cyberbullying with the familycontext. Method. PRISMA protocol for systematic reviews was used in all documents registered in the mainpsychology databases featuring the keywords bullying/cyberbullying and family/parents, between 2004 and2017. Seventy-four articles met the inclusion criteria. Results. The review revealed the following familiarvariables associated with each role. Victims of bullying: authoritarian, punitive, negligent, or permissive parents; dysfunctional homes, low family harmony, conflicts, poor parent-child communication; criticism, low parental support/attention, or overprotection. Cyber-victims: authoritarian or negligent parents; family conflicts, low parental support, distant parents, negative emotional bonding with parents. Bullies: authoritarian, punitive or permissive parents; dysfunctional homes, parental conflicts, domestic violence; rejection, criticism, and little parental affection. Cyberbullies: authoritarian, negligent or permissive parents, and family conflicts. Protective factors: democratic, balanced parents; no domestic conflicts, family cohesion, quality interactions, easy parentchild communication, parents support and care for their children, close-knit relationships, and foster secure attachment. Conclusion. Some family variables may be relevant, although the probability of becoming a victim or aggressor of bullying and cyberbullying may be influenced by other factors.