Catalytic upgrading of biomass model compounds: Novel approaches and lessons learnt from traditional hydrodeoxygenation - a review
2019
Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a fundamental
process for bio-resources upgrading to produce transportation
fuels or added value chemicals. The bottleneck of this technology
to be implemented at commercial scale is its dependence on high
pressure hydrogen, an expensive resource which utilization also
poses safety concerns. In this scenario, the development of
hydrogen-free alternatives to facilitate oxygen removal in biomass
derived compounds is a major challenge for catalysis science but
at the same time it could revolutionize biomass processing
technologies. In this review we have analyzed several novel
approaches, including catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH),
combined reforming and hydrodeoxygenation, metal hydrolysis
and subsequent hydrodeoxygenation along with non-thermal
plasma (NTP) in order to avoid the supply of external H2. The
knowledge accumulated from traditional HDO sets the grounds
for catalysts and processes development among the hydrogen
alternatives. In this sense, mechanistic aspects for HDO and the
proposed alternatives are carefully analyzed in this work.
Biomass model compounds are selected aiming to provide an indepth
description of the different processes and stablish solid
correlations catalysts composition-catalytic performance which
can be further extrapolated to more complex biomass feedstocks.
Moreover, the current challenges and research trends of novel
hydrodeoxygenation strategies are also presented aiming to
spark inspiration among the broad community of scientists
working towards a low carbon society where bio-resources will
play a major role.
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