Planning Urban Ring Rail Transit Lines: Case Study of Shanghai, China

Shanghai, China, has the largest metro system in the world, with a network length of more than 550 km. Both Shanghai and Beijing are among the top five cities in terms of ridership, and some of the most important components of their metro systems are the ring transit lines. Many other cities, in China and elsewhere, also envision a ring transit line for their future rail transit networks. A previously developed analytical model for the long-range planning of ring transit lines was used in the comparison of the current alignment of the Shanghai ring line with the optimized model output, and a second ring transit line was recommended for the future Shanghai network. The findings suggest that the alignment of an existing ring line would affect the optimal alignment of the second ring line. In addition, if an outer ring line exists (or is planned to be constructed), the optimal location of the inner ring line might not be its current location. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the impa...