Analytic fluid theory of beam spiraling in high-intensity cyclotrons
2013
Using a two-dimensional fluid description, we investigate the nonlinear radial-longitudinal dynamics of intense beams in isochronous cyclotrons in the nonrelativistic limit. With a multiscale analysis separating the time scale associated with the betatron motion and the slower time scale associated with space-charge effects, we show that the longitudinal-radial vortex motion can be understood in the frame moving with @ @ @ @� ¼ @ @ @t ¼ @ @
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