Effect of focused ultrasound cavitation augmented with aerobic exercise on abdominal and intrahepatic fat in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives The study aimed to examine the effect of focused ultrasound cavitation augmented with aerobic exercise on localized abdominal and intrahepatic fat in fatty liver patients. Methods 34 fatty liver patients aged 30–45 with a body mass index (BMI) of 30–40 kg/m2 were randomly assigned into two equally numbered groups. Group A received focused ultrasound cavitation and moderate aerobic exercise for three months, while Group B (control group) received moderate aerobic exercise only. Abdominal subcutaneous fat volume, visceral fat volume, liver-to-spleen ratio (L/S ratio), body weight, BMI, and waist circumference were measured both before and after the study period. Results Both groups showed significant improvements in subcutaneous fat volume, visceral fat volume, body weight, BMI, and waist circumference relative to baseline where (P < 0.001), with a higher percentage in group A. L/S ratio only showed a significant improvement in group A. Between-group differences were noteworthy regarding L/S ratio and waist circumference where (P < 0.0001). Conclusion While substantial risky measures in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have been modified by aerobic exercise, its combination with focused ultrasound cavitation causes more notable effects on the reduction of abdominal and intrahepatic fat, making it a superior option. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04161703