A TNF-JNK-Axl-ERK signaling axis mediates primary resistance to EGFR inhibition in glioblastoma

Aberrant EGFR signaling is common in glioblastoma. The authors show that inhibiting EGFR leads to increased secretion of TNF and activation of a survival pathway in cancer cells. A combined inhibition of EGFR and TNF signaling inhibits tumor growth in a mouse model, suggesting a new treatment for patients with glioblastoma.