Hepatectomy and resection of concomitant extrahepatic disease for colorectal liver metastases--a systematic review.

Abstract Background Recent data suggest that hepatectomy for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM) with concomitant extrahepatic disease (EHD) achieve encouraging survival result. The authors examine the clinical efficacy of this treatment approach through a systematic review of the published literature. Methods Electronic search of the MEDLINE and PubMed databases (January 2000 to January 2011) to identify studies reporting outcomes of hepatectomy for CLM with resection of EHD was undertaken. Two reviewers independently appraised each study using a predetermined protocol. Clinical efficacy was synthesised through a narrative review with full tabulation of results of all included studies. Results Twenty-two studies were examined. This comprised 1142 patients. The median disease-free survival was 12 (range, 4–22) months, median overall survival was 30 (range, 14–44) months and median 5-year survival rate was 19% (range, 0–42%). Median 5-year survival of patients with R0 hepatectomy with resection of EHD was 25% (range, 19–36%). Survival based on site of EHD include lung; median survival (M/S) was 41 (range, 32–46) months, porto-caval lymph node; M/S was 25 (range, 19–48) months, peritoneal metastases; M/S was 25 (range, 18–32) months. Conclusion In the era of effective systemic therapies, surgical resection of CLM and concomitant EHD in carefully selected patients may achieve survival results superior to non-surgically treated patients. This treatment strategy may be considered appropriate especially when a R0 hepatectomy and complete resection of EHD may be achieved.