CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY OF THE CORNEA

Background. Confocal microscopy is a diagnostic method used for examination of the morphological structure of the cornea in vitro as well as in vivo. Methods. Using a confocal microscope (Confoscan 2.0, Nidek, Japan), we can determine and analyze morphological changes in individual layers of the cornea, from epithelial to stromal and endothelial ones in addition, it is possible to observe keratitis causing agents. According to the findings revealed, we choose a treatment method and a surgical procedure type. The investigation is aimed to determine a cellular density in different layers of the cornea, i. e., that of epithelial cells, stromal keratocytes and endothelial cells. Monitoring cellular density by layers helps us understand the cell response after corneal damage or surgery of the anterior segment of the eye. Conclusions. The method is clinically applicable also in an opaque cornea occurring as a result of epithelial or stromal edema. Such investigations were not feasible before the introduction of the confocal microscopy.