Clinical Profile of Patients of Uveitis with Optical Coherence Tomography Diagnosed Macular Edema

2015 
Background: Uveitis is a complex intraocular inflammatory process involving uveal and retinal tissues and is one of the leading blinding disorders in India. Macular edema and its sequelae are among the most important causes of decreased vision in patients with uveitis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a safe and non-invasive diagnostic modality for investigation of macular diseases by allowing morphological assessment by producing two-dimensional images of the retina. We have described the clinical profile of uveitis patients having OCT detected macular edema. Aim: Evaluation of clinical profile of patients of uveitis with OCT diagnosed macular edema. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study. Uveitis patients presenting to a tertiary care center between November 2010 and July 2012 underwent systemic and complete ophthalmic examination including OCT. All patients with OCT diagnosed macular edema were included in the study. Clinical profile of these patients was described. RESULTS: 66 patients of uveitis had macular edema on OCT (87 eyes). 3 patterns were found on OCT evaluation, namely diffuse macular edema (DME), cystoid macular edema, and serous retinal detachment, of which 64 eyes had DME. A significant percentage of the cases we studied (32.2%) had anterior uveitis as their anatomic diagnosis. 68% of cases were unilateral. Mean age of patients was 43.5 years. 30 out of 87 eyes had posterior uveitis as an anatomic diagnosis. The etiological diagnosis could be established in 10 patients.
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