First trimester placental volume and three dimensional power doppler ultrasonography in type I diabetic pregnancies.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the placental volume and three dimensional (3D) power Doppler vascularization in type I diabetic pregnancies during the first trimester Methods 3D-power Doppler ultrasonography of the placenta was performed at 11 + 0–13 + 6 weeks in 32 pregnancies complicated by type I diabetes. Placental volume, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) were calculated using a standardized setting. Results In nine pregnancies, a poor first trimester glycemic control was present as expressed by HbA1c levels ≥ 7%, whereas in the remaining 23 mothers, the HbA1c concentrations were <7%. No differences were found in the placental volumes of diabetic mothers when compared with reference limits. 3D Doppler placental vascular indices were significantly higher in diabetic mothers (VI delta value 0.99, p = 0.0012; FI delta value 0.64, p = 0.0008; VFI delta value 1.28, p = 0.0039) when compared with reference limits. Pregnancies with HbA1c ≥7% exhibited higher placental vascular indices when compared with diabetic mothers with better glycemic control. Conclusions In type I diabetic mothers, placental vascular indices are increased and these modifications are more evident in pregnancies with poor first trimester glycemic control. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.