Human Resource Development in CIVETS

This chapter contributes to our understanding of HRD in CIVETS countries by exploring, from a comparative perspective, the HRD system of each country. We first consider their political, historical, cultural, and economic characteristics, which will provide a rich contextual background to understanding the approach to HRD in each country within the grouping. We then consider the institutional arrangements that support HRD in each country followed by a discussion of organizational-level HRD practices. In the final section, we discuss the extent of convergence and divergence in approaches to HRD across the CIVETS as well as a consideration of the HRD challenges that face each country.