La infancia: aportes para pensar los desafíos de la investigación en el contexto latinoamericano * Childhood: Contributions to Think About the Challenges of Research in the Latin

This paper provides a few working hypotheses about the research in childhood from the progress of this topic in the region. It is composed of two sections; the first one raises the emergency of knowledge on childhood in the Latin-American context, as well as the contributions of the social psychology from the constructivism for the investigation of children's institutions. The second, child vulnerability is problematized; for this purpose, the analysis of three cases arises: armed conflict, child labor and care as a social practice. It rescues the importance of thinking new concepts for rearranging children category and raise the challenges of the social and historical construction of this notion, in order to achieve a greater visibility of the heterogeneous nature of the experience of the boys and girls.