Recent advances in naphthalenediimide-based metal-organic frameworks: Structures and applications

Abstract Naphthalenediimide-based metal-organic frameworks (NDI-based MOFs) have attracted extensive attention due to their versatile topological structures and multi-functional applications. Firstly, in this review paper, the structures of NDI-based MOFs with different secondary building units SBUs (single-metal node, paddle-wheel dinuclear clusters, trinuclear clusters, Zn4O clusters, hexanuclear clusters and rod) are presented. And their diverse topologies (1D chain, 2D square grid, dia, pcu, mab, fsc, fsx, fof, lil, tfb, tfi, hex, MOF-5 analogue, tty-a and hqx) are illustrated and deconstructed into their underlying nets. Then, the multi-functional potential applications of these NDI-based MOFs, such as gas storage and separation, catalyst, photochromism, electrochromism, sensor, energy storage and conversion, are introduced. Moreover, the latest developments of the NDI-based MOFs and the structure-property relationships are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of NDI-based MOFs are also presented.