The French Revolution and Rousseauism - Review of the Impact of Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Teaching to the Political Activities of French Revolutionaries (1789-1795)Francuska revolucija i Rusoizam – osvrt na uticaj učenja Žan Žak Rusoa na političko djelovanje francuskih revolucionara (1789-1795)

The French Revolution was preceded by a long intellectual and ideological preparation that was significantly marked by works of Jean Jacques Rousseau, especially by his Social contract. Hence, the Rousseau is one of many french thinkers whose teachings influenced this epochal event and inspired french revolutionaries during the whole revolutionary period. It is considered that Rousseau announced the French revolution and was its guide. From Burke to Quinet and Taine, many in the French revolution recognized precisely his dominant influence. And they were right, especially if we take into consideration the widely accepted Francois Furet's opinion on how exactly the Revolution proclaimed itself the heir of Rousseau and that Rousseau's principle according to which no one can rule unless authorized by the people, gathered without differences, all the revolutionary currents. Taking into account his undoubted contribution and the fact that his political theory in general, and especially his concept of indivisible and inalienable popular sovereignty, despite certain internal contradictions, is the culmination and ultimate logical consequence of the pre-revolutionary bourgeois political thought, the author's intention in this work is to show how Rousseauism influenced the French revolution and the political activities of the revolutionary leaders. Sažetak: Francuskoj revoluciji prethodila je duža intelektualna i ideoloska priprema koju su u znacajnoj mjeri obilježila djela Žan Žak Rusoa, posebice njegov Drusveni ugovor. Otuda je Ruso jedan od brojnih francuskih mislilaca cija su ucenja uticala na ovaj epohalni događaj i koja su nadahnjivala francuske revolucionare u toku citavog revolucionarnog perioda. Cesto se smatralo da je upravo Ruso najavio Francusku revoluciju i poslužio joj kao vodic. Od Berka, preko Kinea, pa do Tena, mnogi su u Francuskoj revoluciji prepoznali upravo njegov pretežan uticaj. I bili su u pravu, posebice ako se ima u vidu i siroko prihvaceno misljenje Fransoa Firea o tome kako se upravo Revolucija proglasila Rusoovim bastinikom, te kako je Rusoov princip sukladno kojemu niko ne može da vlada ukoliko nije ovlasten od strane naroda, okupljao, bez razlike, sve revolucionarne struje. Uzimajuci u obzir Rusoov nesumnjiv doprinos kao i cinjenicu da je njegova politicka teorija u cjelini, a posebice njegova koncepcija nedjeljive i neotuđive narodne suverenosti, uprkos pojedinim unutrasnjim suprotnostima, vrhunac i krajnja konsekvencija predrevolucionarne građanske politicke misli, namjera je autorice da u radu prikaže uticaj rusoizma na Francusku revoluciju i na politicko djelovanje revolucionarnih vođa.