Biocatalytic Potential of Enzymes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Isoprenoid Quinones

Naturally occurring isoprenoid quinones mediate electron transfer in respiratory or photosynthetic chains of living organisms. Tremendous progress has been made in the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of prenylated quinones and a number of enzymes that catalyse specific transformation steps with remarkably high regio- and stereoselectivity have been characterised. Interestingly, some of these enzymes possess broad substrate scope towards synthetic analogues, thereby enabling their application as synthetic tools. The availability of mechanistic, structural and mutagenesis information for many of the pathways enzymes presents opportunities for protein engineering, a powerful approach that may improve the suitability of these biocatalysts for industrial processes.