Neurology and Brain Injury 2019 - Prevalence of epilepsy in children with IDDM and relationto anti GAD65 antibodies

I nsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a common condition in children and adolescents worldwide and so is epilepsy. Recently, there were increasing reports suggesting a potential association between 1DDM and the occurrence of epilepsy. Their association might represent simply a chance to relate their underlying mechanisms. However, the cause-effect relationship is not well defined. IDDM pediatric patients have characteristic clinical and biochemical features, including the positivity of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (anti-GAD 65). Literature from other countries has shown the increased prevalence of seizure disorders in this group of patients. However, despite the high prevalence of this disease in Saudi Arabia, no studies have investigated this relationship. Moreover, literature lacks studies investigating IDDM characteristics contributing to this relationship, including anti-GAD 65. In this study, we are aiming to determine the prevalence of epilepsy among IDDM children age <15 years old, and compare the positivity of anti- GAD 65 amongst them. Hence, we tried to establish the presence or absence of a relation between epilepsy in children with diabetes and presence of positive GAD65 Antibodies. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study, involving patients??? Survey and files review. We randomly recruited around 300 pediatric patients (age <14) with IDDM from our cohort at pediatric endocrinology clinic of King Fahad Medical City (KFMC). A questionnaire was given to caregivers to determine any history of seizure disorders, followed by retrospective review of patients??? Files for anti-GAD 65 positivity. In this talk, we present our results and review literatures in this issue.