Effects of PbTiO3 doping on electric properties of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics

ABSTRACTGood quality ceramics of (1−x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3(NBT)−xPbTiO3 (PT) (x = 0, 0.03 and 0.05) were prepared by a conventional solid-phase sintering process. The temperature dependence of the dc, ac conductivity (σdc,  σac, respectively), the Seebeck coefficient (α), the concentration of charge carriers n and their mobility μ were investigated. The dc conductivity for pure NBT possesses three linear parts with three different activation energies Ea. For 0.97NBT–0.03PT and 0.95NBT--0.05PT ceramics, the dc conductivity also has three linear parts (three different Ea). On the other hand, the ac conductivity possesses three linear parts for pure NBT and four for other compositions. The possible origin of the observed effects is discussed. We suggest that the presented materials can be a good starting point for the development of low-lead electronic ceramics.