Study of the Blood Count in Hospitalized Patients in the Dermatology Department of the CNAM

The blood count is the biological examination that aims to identify, count and observe the figured elements of the blood. In dermatology, the hemogram is an index of the evolution of the dermatosis and the general state of the patient. The blood count is the refore an examination that is of diagnostic and prognostic value in the management of dermatological conditions. Our objective was to determine the place of the blood count in the management of dermatosis in hospitalized patients of the CNAM. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of all cases of hemogram performed in all hospitalized patients in the dermatology department of the CNAM during the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017, ie 3 years. The inclusion criteria were as follows: all inpatient records containing the hemogram results regardless of age and sex during the study period. Out Of the 133 cases included, 112 had abnormal blood counts, 84.2% of cases. Females accounted for 51.9% (69) and males 48.1% (64). The age of the patients ranged from 2 years to 90 years with an average age of 54.34 years. Among the hematological disorders observed: Anemia accounted for 86.6% of cases. It was hypochromic and microcytic in 80.4% of cases, normochromic and normocytic in 16.5% of cases and macrocytic normochromic in 3.1% of cases. This anemia was associated with chronic ulceration in almost 100% of cases, autoimmune bullous dermatosis (Pemphigus and Bullous Pemphigoid) in 72.7% of cases, erysipelas in 81.8% of cases, severe toxidermias in 75% of cases. erythroderma in 60.4% of cases, cutaneous carcinoma in 87.2% of cases. Leukocytosis accounted for 59.8% of cases. This leukocytosis was predominantly neutrophilic in 44.6% of cases, eosinophilic in 16.5% and lymphocytosis was observed in 14.6% of cases. This leukocytosis was associated with chronic ulceration in almost 44.2% of cases, with autoimmune bullous dermatoses (Pemphigus and Pemphigoid bullosa) in 81.6% of cases, with erysipelas in 63.6% of cases, with severe toxidermias in 74.5% of cases, with erythroderma in 60.2% of cases, cutaneous carcinomas in 66.3% of cases. the blood count remains the essential biological examination for the management and monitoring of severe dermatosis requiring hospitalization and our study could be a preliminary to other studies to elucidate its impact on the evolution of the dermatological disease.