Survival and 30-day hospital outcome in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019-infected patients in Upper Egypt: Multicenter study

Background Determining the clinical features and outcomes of patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is fundamental to improve the understanding and adequate management of the novel illness. This study aims to identify the determinants of survival and the outcome within 30 days in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection in Upper Egypt. Patients and methods A total of 1064 cases were consecutively admitted to isolation hospitals in Upper Egypt. All cases had confirmed COVID-19 infection. The electronic records of the patients were retrospectively revised and the demographic data, clinical manifestations, quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score on admission, and 30-day outcome (ICU admission, death, recovery, or still in hospital) were analyzed. Overall cumulative survival rates in all patients and those more than or less than 50 years were calculated. Results Overall, 49.2% of the study population were males, whereas 50.8% were females, with mean age of 49.4±17.8 years. On admission, 83.9% were stable with qSOFA score less than 1, 3% required noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and 2.1% required O2 therapy. Within 30 days, 203 (19.1%) cases required admission to ICU. Death was recorded in 11.7% of cases, 28.7% recovered, and 59.7% were still under treatment. Determinants of ICU admission and survival in the current study were age more than 50 years, qSOFA more than 1, and need for O2 therapy or noninvasive ventilation. The cumulative survival was 75.3%, with the mean survival of 28.1, and 95.2% overall survival rate was recorded in those aged less than or equal to 50 years. Conclusions Age older than 50 years old, those with preexisting diabetes mellitus, initial qSOFA score, requirement for O2 therapy, and noninvasive ventilation from the first day of hospital admission may be associated with unfavorable 30-day in-hospital outcome of COVID-19.