Energy storage systems integration with household: A case study of average Ontario household using lead acid battery

Energy storage systems play an important role in smart-grids. In this paper, the authors are attempting to find out if the technology and the prices of the energy storage systems that are based on lead acid batteries are feasible for average households needs. The evaluation is done by studying a case of average residence in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and by using publicly available data from local energy agents. The usage and price of electricity are calculated and compared to the cost of adoption of energy storage system based on lead acid batteries. Then the optimal capacity of the required battery is calculated based on a type of contract that the residence has access to: traditional (flat rate) and flexible (time of use). The case of direct access to the energy market, by residence, is also analyzed.