Exploring Hospital Wayfinding Systems: Design Guidelines for Wayfinding Interfaces

This paper is a culmination of a three-phased research project which examined the lack of usability and effectiveness of wayfinding in complex, multi-building hospitals. Researchers evaluated multiple interfaces, such as wayfinding kiosks and mobile applications, using various human factors methods. Results indicate that this problem is multi-faceted and wayfinding solutions must consider the other available aids in the environment. Incorporation of user centered design principles and requirements for the inclusion of end users in the development of wayfinding aids are needed. Beyond usability, the key learning is that wayfinding systems cannot be created in a vacuum, rather the interfaces, the placement of signage and systems, and the environment of the hospital must be considered. The wayfinding kiosk and application information should complement environmental information such as color coding, graphics, landmarks, room and elevator labeling and signage. To this end, we have included design guidelines to aid in successful wayfinding.