The Asian Passengers' Safety Study of sexual molestation on trains and buses : the Indonesian pilot study

Sexual victimisation of passengers in the public transport sector, a mostly unspoken or hidden problem, is the topic of the Asian Passengers' Safety Study. This article contends that social problems have to be created and describes the early developmental stages of the problem in Japan. Contemporary victimological theories, which are applied to explain multiple victimisation in this field, were deemed unsatisfactory, therefore Barkhuizen's instrument, developed for Japan, was adjusted for Indonesia. A first exploratory, convenience sample of Indonesian students (N = 630) revealed a high incidence of multiple victimisation for both genders. The risk perception amongst victims, emotional reaction and communication patterns were interpreted within the framework of locus of control and shame.