Diagnostic Performance of Interferon‐Gamma Release Assay for Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pericarditis: A Meta‐analysis

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis is difficult to set, not only for its non-specific clinical presentation, but also for the lack of useful diagnostic tests. We comprehensively evaluate the overall diagnostic accuracy of Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) upon tuberculous pericarditis by meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library database from the earliest available date of indexing through April 30, 2019. The study quality was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS2) checklist. We determined the sensitivities and specificities across studies, calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-) and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves parameters. RESULTS: Across six results from five studies (415 patients), the pooled sensitivity for IGRA methods was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.87-0.98) with heterogeneity (chi(2) = 69.9, P = .01) and a pooled specificity of 0.94 (95% CI; 0.75-0.94) without heterogeneity (chi(2) = 41.1, P = .13). Likelihood ratio (LR) syntheses gave an overall positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 16.8 (95% CI; 8.0-35.4) and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.06 (95% CI; 0.03-0.13). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 278 (95% CI; 114-6806). CONCLUSIONS: Interferon-gamma release assays demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. At present, the literature regarding remains the use of IGRA for diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis still limited; thus, further large multicenter studies would be necessary to substantiate the diagnostic accuracy of IGRA test for the diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis.