The management of tumor lysis syndrome

As more aggressive cytotoxic agents and targeted therapies become the standard treatment approach in oncology, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) will be more frequently encountered. Not only should the metabolic abnormalities of acute TLS and its complications be treated, but it is critical for prevention that patients at risk are identified as early as possible. This review discusses the symptoms and clinical features of this syndrome and the authors highlight the issues related to appropriate monitoring of treatment and the use of prophylaxis.