A retrospective multicenter study on the use of locking compression plates for scapulohumeral arthrodesis in small equids.

Objective To report on technical aspects and outcomes after scapulohumeral arthrodesis (SHA) with a locking compression plate (LCP) in small equids. Study design Retrospective multicenter case series. Animals Client-owned Shetland Ponies, Miniature Shetlands, and American Miniature Horses (n = 15). Methods Inclusion criteria were completed SHA with an LCP to treat scapulohumeral osteoarthritis/subluxation and availability of postoperative radiographs. Contributing surgeons completed a questionnaire to collect data. All radiographs were reviewed for this study. Follow-up information was obtained via re-admission to the hospital or telephone interview of the referring veterinarian or owner. Outcome was subjectively scored as excellent, good, moderate, or poor based on lameness and function. Results Sixteen SHAs were performed in 15 equids (body weight 65-145 kg) by nine different surgeons. A narrow 4.5/5.0 mm LCP (7-16 holes) was used in 14 of the 16 SHAs. Follow-up was collected 2.5 years after surgery (median; range: 9 weeks to 10 years). Major complications related to the SHAs were noted in 4 of the 13 horses alive long term, consisting of implant failure (n = 1), surgical site infection (n = 2), and scapular fracture (n = 1). The outcome was graded as excellent in 4, good in 5, and moderate in 4 horses. Two ponies were euthanized because scapulohumeral osteoarthritis and subluxation developed in the contralateral limb. Conclusion Although major complications occurred in about one-third of ponies, SHA with LCP led to long-term survival with good function in most ponies. Clinical significance SHA with an LCP offers a high chance for good long-term outcome in small equids although contralateral disease may affect outcome.