Rekonstruktive Urologie des oberen und unteren Harntraktes - ein Therapieupdate

Reconstructive Urology of the Upper and Lower Urinary Tract – Therapeutic Update. Despite the progress of conservative treatment options for many urological diseases surgical approach is essential. This results in the need for a sophisticated reconstructive surgery to restore or replace the lost functions of each urogenital organ. In the first instance extensive, radical surgery of the oncological urology require a reconstructive replacement of the different parts of the upper and lower urinary tract. Furthermore other diseases outside the circle of oncological ailments need the techniques of reconstructive surgery. This article is based on peer-reviewed literature an gives an overview of the therapeutic possibilities of the bladder and ureter replacement, urethral reconstructive surgery and the potential of correcting the ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Similar to other disciplines tissue replacement by tissue engineering in the laboratory and animal model systems is also used in the urological field. It is expected that a more optimal and functional reconstruction is possible, and thus the quality of life of patients far-reaching improves. Tissue engineering enables an organ and tissue replacement with optimal anatomical and functional results. In the future the combination of well-tried techniques with innovative new features will be mainly measured by the therapeutic success, the quality of life and the patient satisfaction. J Urol Urogynakol 2009; 16 (1): 7–14.