Orbital and Ocular Manifestations of Acute and Chronic Leukemia.

Introduction: Ocular disorders have been reported in 30-90% of cases of leukemia. Ophthalmic involvement in leukemia is associated with significant ocular morbidity and vision loss and has critical implications for the natural course and survival prognosis of systemic leukemia. Materials and methods: The present prospective study was conducted at department of Ophthalmology of tertiary Cancer care center from September 2014 to May 2016. All patients ≥ 18 years age diagnosed with leukemia, in spite of chemotherapy status and not underwent bone marrow transplant therapy were included in this study. Each included patient was subjected to ophthalmological evaluation and leukemia related and non-leukemic ophthalmic findings were documented. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23 and applying chi square test. Results and Conclusions: Out of 67 patients diagnosed with leukemia ocular lesions were found in 35 (52.23%) leukemic patients with no significant intersex difference. The distribution of leukemic ophthalmopathy by type of leukemia was AML- 19/29 (65.51%), ALL- 10/17 (58.82%), CML- 4/12 (33.33%) and CLL- 2/9 (22.22%) subjects. Ocular involvement is more commonly seen in acute leukemias (29/46, 63.04%) and myeloid leukemias (23/41, 56.09%) with preponderance of secondary or indirect ophthalmic manifestations (28/35, 80%). The common ophthalmic manifestation was proptosis (42.85%) in primary ophthalmopathy and retinal hemorrhages with cotton wool spots (28.57%) in secondary ophthalmopathy. All leukemia patients should have an ophthalmic assessment mandatory at diagnosis and periodically.