Self-care improvement after a pharmaceutical intervention in elderly type 2 diabetic patients
2015
Diabetes mellitus involves long-term complications that affect diabetic patients’ quality of
life. The best way to prevent these complications is that patients achieve good metabolic control. In order
to reach this goal, patients are requested to acquire daily behaviours (self-care). Such behaviours are
sometimes hard to adhere, because they require changes in habits acquired over time. The aim of the
present study is to evaluate the improvement on self-care after a pharmaceutical intervention on home
regime patients. We performed a controlled experimental comparative study with a follow up of 6
months, on 87 patients, randomized in control group (n=43) and intervention group (n=44). We accessed sociodemographic
and clinical data (glycaemic profile), as well as adherence to drug therapy and self-assessed care (beforeafter).
In the intervention group, mean age was 74.2±5.4 years, and the median time of T2DM diagnosis was
14.7±8.5years. At the end of study, the decrease in fasting blood glucose was higher in the intervention group patients
than that observed in the control group (50.2mg/dL), with statistically significant difference (p<0.05), as well as the
decrease verified in HbA1c. In self-care adherence, alterations in the levels of adherence of the general nutrition and
physical exercise dimensions became evident, with an increase in the number of days of adherence. On medication
adherence statistically significant alterations (p<0.05) were also recorded. We can conclude that an individualized
pharmaceutical intervention can improve self-care behaviours, as well as medication adherence, contributing to better
metabolic control.
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