Impact of Abdominal CT Imaging on the Management of Appendicitis: An Update

Abstract Background. Abdominal computed tomographic scanning (ACTS) has recently been shown to be an accurate diagnostic tool for appendicitis and may improve the negative exploration rate in our patient population. Materials and methods. We reviewed 224 patients evaluated for appendicitis during 1998. Forty-two patients underwent appendectomy on clinical grounds alone (Group I), 182 patients underwent ACTS (Group II), and 79 patients in Group II were explored for appendicitis. Diagnostic errors, alternative diagnoses, and perforation rates were noted. Results. There were five negative explorations in Group I (11.9%) and five in Group II (6.3%), resulting in a combined negative rate of 8.3%. The negative exploration rate in women was 23.5% in Group I and 5.3% in Group II ( P = 0.07), producing a combined negative rate of 10.9%. Fifty-eight alternative diagnoses were made by ACTS. The ACTS made a critical difference in the management of 67% of patients over 50 years of age and in 79% of Group II patients. Conclusions. The negative exploration rate for appendicitis at our institution fell from 13.6 to 8.3% with selective use of ACTS. The most striking benefit occurred in women and in patients over 50 years of age.