Influence Analysis of Multi-LEO Augmentation MEO Satellite Orbit Determination Under Regional Station Layout

Since the ground monitoring stations layout for BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) is regional, the problem of bad orbit precision of BDS satellites needs to be resolved. Many scholars propose to use the low earth orbit (LEO) spaceborne observations to enhance the precise orbit determination (POD) of navigation satellites. In this contribution, the orbit determination enhancement of global positioning system (GPS) is researched by adding three LEOs under the Asia-Pacific regional station distribution based on measured data. Combining the three LEOs, GRACE-A, HY2A, Jason-2 and 6, 10 and 20 regional stations, respectively, four experimental designs are processed: the ground-only POD, the combined POD with ground stations and 1, 2 and 3 LEOs, respectively. Results show that the improvement of GPS satellite orbits is excellent when adding LEO GPS data, with the biggest percentage of 72.6%. The less ground stations and adding the more LEOs, the improvement of orbit precision is bigger. When joining in different types of LEO, the more LEOs, the improved differentiation is more obvious.