Slurry Phase Hydrocracking of Residue by Phosphomolybdic andPhosphotungstic Acids

Slurry phase hydrocracking of vacuum residue was studied on heteropoly acids and on super acid. In this regards, heteropoly acid of phosphomolybdic, phosphotungstic and superacid of molybdenum-antimony fluoride were used. Deep hydrocracking of residue was noticed even at moderate operating conditions for all acidic catalysts. Due to higher hydrogenating functionality of tungsten, the HDM activity of the phosphotungstic acid is higher than that of molybdenum containing acids. Even the residue hydrocracking activity of former catalyst is also high. It is also noticed from sulphur distribution of liquid product that thiophenic sulphur compounds are formed due to C-S bond cleavage at branching of condensed aromatic rings. Moreover, phosphotungstic acid gives high percentage of aromatic products whereas the considerable amount of saturate hydrocarbons is produced by phosphomolybdic acid. The coke produced by phosphotungstic acid catalyst is hard in nature indicating that extensive polymerization reaction occurs at reaction conditions. Higher H/C ratio indicates the deep hydrogenation of liquid products in presence of super acids. Instead of use superacid, tungsten based heteropoly acid can be effectively used for hydrocracking of residue.