Hemodialysis in Emergency Situation: About 107 Cases at The Hemodialysis Center of Thies Hospital (Senegal)

INTRODUCTION: The gaol of this work was to determine the hemodialysis’ prevalence in emergency situations, indications, clinical, paraclinical, evolutionary and patient future. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a prospective monocentric descriptive and analytical study over a period of one year (01 March 2018 to 30 April 2019) carried out at the regional hospital of Thies. Was included all patients with acute or chronic renal failure who were under emergency hemodialysis sessions. RESULTS: Out of 263 patients, 107 patients underwent emergency hemodialysis with a prevalence of 40.68%. The average age of our patients was 46.39 ± 17.13 years and the sex ratio was 1.05. The main indications for emergency hemodialysis were poorly tolerated uremia in 54 patients (50.47%) followed by hyperkalemia in 43 patients (40.19%). Chronic renal failure (CRF) was the most noted type of renal disease in 74 patients (69.15%) with nephroangiosclerosis as the primary cause (25.2%). Acute renal failure (ARF) was found in 33 patients (38.85%) with acute tubular necrosis (10.8%) as the main etiology. The most frequently used approach was the femoral route in 87 patients (81.3%). Nineteen patients (17.8%) died including 13 patients outside dialysis and 6 patients on dialysis. CONCLUSION: In Senegal, patients are seen most often in the late stages and the inaccessibility to treatment of extra-renal treatment make that the hemodialysis is most often started in a context of urgency.