Определение равновесного состава ионизованных одноатомных газов

Mixtures, resulting from the thermal ionization of a spatially uniform mono-atomic gas, are considered.Thegasis assumed so rarefiedthat evenbyits multipleionizationit canbe regarded as ideal.Fordeterminingthe mixture equilibrium compositionitisproposedthe methodin which the distribution functions, corresponding to maximum entropy, are used. Equilibrium concentrations of the mixture components are determined as a result of integration over the space of impulses and the summation over the levels of electronic energy of these functions. Unknown parameters in the distribution functions are found from the normalization conditions. It is shown that the problem ofdeterminingthe equilibrium composition ofthe mixture, whichcontains neutral atoms, electrons andions with charge +1,...,+k, maybereduced tothesolution of onealgebraicequation of degree k +1. The solution of these equations is given in the situations when only first-order ionization or first-and second-order ionizations of atoms are possible. For an illustration, it is shown the change of relative equilibrium concentrations of atoms, ions and electrons depending on the temperature in the ionized hydrogen and in the nitrogen with the first-and second-order ionization.