Common Genetic Polymorphisms and Environmental Risk Factors in Polish Patients with Angiographically Documented Coronary Artery Disease

It has been suggested that the G894T NOS3, C677T MTHFR, A(-455)G FBB, and C(-1562)T MMP-9 genetic polymorphisms were implicated in the pathogenesis of CAD. We assessed their prevalence among CAD and controls. A total of 180 individuals with angiographically documented CAD (138 males and 42 females, age range 37-84 years) were recruited into the study. 133 patients with ≥50% occlusion of the coronary artery lumen in angiography comprised the CAD group, a subgroup of 45 patients with one vessel occlusion as CAD1, 88 patients with multivessel occlusion as CAD2+3 and the control group consisted of 47 subjects without changes in coronary arteries. Risk factors (gender, BMI, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, lipid profile) were considered for all participants. Genotype analysis was assessed by PCR-RFLP. A logistic regression analysis with CAD and CAD severity (CAD2+3 vs. CAD1) as dependent variables was performed to estimate the age, gender, and cardiovascular risk factors (age, gender, BMI, smoking, hypertension) adjusting odds ratios for the genotypes. None of the polymorphisms studied were shown to be independently associated with an increased risk of CAD or multivessel CAD disease, in any mode of inheritance. A highly increased risk (OR 9.59) of the predisposition to advanced CAD, although only marginally significant, was observed in TT MMP-9 homozygotes. Our results suggest a lack of association between G894T NOS3, A(-455)G FBB, C677T MTHFR, or C(-1562)T MMP-9 genetic variants and CAD in Polish patients. Although a higher prevalence of classical risk factor was observed in our CAD patients.