Observation of the crystallization process from amorphous PbTiO3 and Pb5Ge3O11 by atomic force microscopy

We used an atomic force microscope (AFM) to study the surface morphology of amorphous samples of PbTiO3 and Pb5Ge3O11 prepared by rapid quenching. Change in surface roughness and grain growth were detected when samples were heated at elevated temperatures.