Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most important blinding complication in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Before the introduction of the highly active or combination antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of CMV retinitis was as high as 45.3 per 1000 person-years (Schwarcz et al. 2013).