Uso de la onabotulinumtoxina A en pacientes con vejiga hiperactiva idiopática con falta de eficacia, intolerancia o contraindicación para los anticolinérgicos
2015
espanolObjetivo Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de onabotulinumtoxina A en pacientes con vejiga hiperactiva idiopatica (VHI) con falta de eficacia, intolerancia o contraindicacion para el uso de anticolinergicos. Material y metodos Se realizo un estudio observacional, prospectivo, abierto en un unico centro entre 2008 y 2013, en pacientes consecutivos con vejiga hiperactiva idiopatica con falta de eficacia o intolerancia a los anticolinergicos. Resultados Las 73 pacientes fueron mujeres con edad de 58,9±12,9 anos. Se administraron 100 y 200 unidades de toxina en 89 y 5 casos, respectivamente. Diecinueve pacientes recibieron una segunda inyeccion, 8 pacientes 3 inyecciones y un paciente 4. Clinicamente se observo que inicialmente un 98% de las pacientes tenian incontinencia urinaria de urgencia y despues del tratamiento solo un 42%; el numero de absorbentes por dia, paso de 2,8 al inicio a 0,5 despues del tratamiento. Respecto a los parametros urodinamicos, el volumen del primer deseo miccional mejoro de 97±63ml a 139±81ml. Se obtuvieron resultados similares en capacidad cistometrica y el volumen de la primera contraccion involuntaria del detrusor. Una paciente tuvo urocultivo positivo, resolviendose con un regimen de antibiotico oral convencional. El cateterismo intermitente fue necesario en 5 pacientes durante la primera semana. Conclusiones Las inyecciones de onabotulinumtoxina A mejoraron significativamente no solo los sintomas clinicos, sino tambien los parametros urodinamicos en pacientes con vejiga hiperactiva idiopatica inadecuadamente manejados con anticolinergicos. Esta es una tecnica simple, con efectos adversos minimos y generalmente bien tolerada. EnglishObjective To assess the efficacy and safety of onabotulinum toxin A in patients with idiopathic overactive bladder inadequately managed with anticholinergics. Material and methods A prospective, open-label, single centre, and interventional study was conducted, from 2008 to 2013, on consecutive patients with idiophatic overactive bladder that showed lack of efficacy or intolerance to anticholinergic agents. Results The study included 73 female patients aged 58.9±12.9 years. A dose of 100 and 200 units of toxin were administered in 89 and 5 cases, respectively. Nineteen patients received a second injection, 8 patients received 3, and one patient was treated 4 times. Clinically, it was observed that 98% patients had urge urinary incontinence at baseline, as compared with 42% under treatment. Similar results were obtained regarding the number of pads used per day, from 2.8 at baseline to 0.5 after treatment. as regrads the urodynamic parameters, the first desire to void volume improved from ml 97±63 to 139±81ml. Similar results were obtained as regards cystometric capacity and the volume of the first involuntary detrusor contraction. One patient had a positive urine culture resolved using a conventional oral antibiotic regimen. Intermittent catheterisation was required in 5 patients during the first week. Conclusions Onabotulinum toxin A injections significantly improved, not only the clinical symptoms, but also the urodynamic parameters in patients with idiopathic overactive bladder inadequately managed with anticholinergic drugs. This is a simple technique with minimal adverse effects and generally well tolerated.
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