Treatment of refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults with high dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone (HAM)

In a clinical phase II study the combination of high dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone (HAM) was applied to 24 patients with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). All patients had received a standardized first line treatment and were considered refractory against conventional chemotherapy