Vegetable oil polyhydric alcohol as well as preparation method and application of vegetable oil polyhydric alcohol

The invention discloses vegetable oil polyhydric alcohol as well as a preparation method and application of the vegetable oil polyhydric alcohol. The vegetable oil polyhydric alcohol is prepared by a ring-opening reaction of epoxy vegetable oil and a polyhydroxy compound. Compared with the prior art, the vegetable oil polyhydric alcohol prepared by adopting a novel ring opening agent has a novel structure, a high hydroxyl value and low viscosity, and can be used for completely replacing traditional petrochemical polyhydric alcohol to be applied to preparation of a polyurethane foam material. Meanwhile, the method is simple in process and the obtained product does not need to be subjected to post treatment and is very suitable for industrialized production; particularly, after a tubular reactor is selected, the reaction efficiency can be improved, a side reaction is controlled and the energy consumption is reduced.